What’s the difference between “tearing” and “flickering” in concurrent rendering?

Tearing: Different components render different snapshots of state at the same time → inconsistent UI.
Flickering: UI commits temporarily to an intermediate state before React finishes rendering the intended state.
React solves tearing with atomic commit phases and useSyncExternalStore. Flickering is mitigated with startTransition and Suspense boundaries to ensure only complete UI snapshots are shown.